Psychiatry Research
Volume 112, Issue 2 , Pages 161-182 , 10 October 2002

The Life Functioning Questionnaire (LFQ): a brief, gender-neutral scale assessing functional outcome

  • Lori Altshuler

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, 300 UCLA Medical Plaza, Mood Disorders Research Program, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
    • Department of Psychiatry, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, West Los Angeles Healthcare Center, VA Medical Center, Building 208, B116AR, 11301 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.:+1-310-794-9911; fax +1-310-794-9915
  • ,
  • Jim Mintz

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, 300 UCLA Medical Plaza, Mood Disorders Research Program, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
    • Department of Psychiatry, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, West Los Angeles Healthcare Center, VA Medical Center, Building 208, B116AR, 11301 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
  • ,
  • Kristin Leight

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, 300 UCLA Medical Plaza, Mood Disorders Research Program, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
    • 368 Longwood Avenue, Apt. 34, Boston, MA 02215, USA

Received 23 April 2001 ,Revised 29 May 2002 ,Accepted 22 July 2002.

References 

  1. American Psychiatric Association, 1994. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition: DSM-IV. APA Press, Washington, DC, p. 32.
  2. Andrews, G., Peters, L., Teeson, M., 1994. The measurement of consumer outcome in mental health: a report to the National Mental Health Information Strategy Committee. Clinical Research Center for Anxiety Disorders, Sydney.
  3. Barker S, Barron N, McFarland BH. A community ability scale for the chronically mentally ill consumers: I. Reliability and validity. Community Mental Health Journal. 1994;30:363–379
  4. Bergner M, Bobbit RA, Carter WB, Gilson BS. The sickness impact profile: development and revision of a health status measure. Medical Care. 1981;19:787–805
  5. Cannon-Spoor HE, Potkin SG, Wyatt RJ. Measurement of premorbid adjustment in chronic schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 1982;8(3):470–484
  6. Dickerson FB. Assessing clinical outcomes: the community functioning of persons with serious mental illness. Psychiatric Services. 1997;48:897–902
  7. Dion GL, Tohen M, Anthony WA, Waternaux CS. Symptoms and functioning of patients with bipolar disorder six months after hospitalization. Hospital and Community Psychiatry. 1988;39:652–657
  8. Edwards DW, Yarvis RM, Mueller DP, Zingale HC, Wagman WJ. Test-taking and the stability of adjustment scales: can we assess patient deterioration?. Evaluation Quarterly. 1978;2:275–291
  9. Eisen SV, Dill DV, Grob M. Reliability and validity of a brief patient report instrument for psychiatric outcome evaluation. Hospital and Community Psychiatry. 1994;45:242–247
  10. Endicott J, Nee J. Endicott Work Productivity Scale (EWPS): a new measure to assess treatment effects. Psychopharmacology Bulletin. 1997;33:13–16
  11. Endicott J, Spitzer RL, Fleiss JL, Cohen J. The Global Assessment Scale: a procedure for measuring overall severity of psychiatric disturbance. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1976;33:766–771
  12. Farkas MD, Rogers ES, Thurer S. Rehabilitation outcome of long-term hospital patients left behind by deinstitutionalization. Hospital and Community Psychiatry. 1987;38(8):864–870

    Aug

  13. Goodman SH, Sewell DR, Cooley EL, Leavitt N. Assessing levels of adaptive functioning: the Role Functioning Scale. Community Mental Health Journal. 1993;29:119–131
  14. Hamilton M. A rating scale for depression. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. 1960;23:56–62
  15. Janca A, Kastrup M, Katschnig H, Lopez-Ibor JJ, Mezzich JE, Sartorius N. The World Health Organization Short Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO DAS-S): a tool for the assessment of difficulties in selected areas of functioning of patients with mental disorders. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 1996;31(6):349–354
  16. Jette AM, Davies AR, Cleary PD, Calkins DR, Rubenstein LV, Fink A, et al. The Functional Status Questionnaire: reliability and validity when used in primary care. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 1986;1:143–149
  17. Keller MB, Lavori PW, Friedman B, Nielsen E, Endicott J, McDonald-Scott P, et al. The Longitudinal Interval Follow-up Evaluation. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1987;44:540–548
  18. Lehman AF. A quality of life interview for the chronically mentally ill. Evaluation and Program Planning. 1988;11:51–62
  19. Leon AC, Solomon DA, Mueller TI, Endicott J, Posternak M, Judd JL, et al. A brief assessment of psychosocial functioning of subjects with bipolar I disorder. The LIFE-RIFT. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 2000;188:805–812
  20. Levenstein S, Klein DF, Pollack M. Follow-up study of formerly hospitalized voluntary psychiatric patients: the first two years. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1966;122(10):1102–1109
  21. Linn MW, Sculthorpe WB, Evje M, Slater PH, Goodman SP. A social dysfunction rating scale. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 1969;6:299–306
  22. Luborsky L. Clinicians’ Judgments of Mental Health. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1962;7:407–417
  23. Mintz J, Mintz LI, Arruda MJ, Hwang SS. Treatments of depression and the functional capacity to work. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1992;49(10):761–768
  24. Mintz J, Bond G, Mintz LI. Assessing work function in mental health research. In:  Miller NE,  MacGruder K editor. Cost-Effectiveness of Psychotherapy. New York: Oxford University Press; 1999;
  25. Ross G, Menapace RH, Teitelman E. Level of psychological functioning as a predictor of psychiatric rehabilitation outcome. Hospital and Community Psychiatry. 1981;32:795–798
  26. Spearing M, Post R, Leverich G, Brandt D, Nolen W. Modification of the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) scale for use in bipolar illness (BP): the CGI-BP. Psychiatry Research. 1997;73:159–171
  27. Strauss JS, Carpenter WT. The prediction of outcome in schizophrenia: II. Relationships between predictor and outcome variables. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1974;31:37–42
  28. Wallace CJ. Functional assessment in rehabilitation. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 1986;12:604–630
  29. Weissman M, Bothwell F. Assessment of social adjustment by patient self-report. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1976;33:1111–1115
  30. Wells KB, Stewart A, Hays RD, Burnam MA, Rogers W, Daniels M, et al. The functioning and well-being of depressed patients: results from the Medical Outcomes Study. Journal of the American Medical Association. 1989;262:914–919
  31. Wiersma D, de Jong A, Ormel J. The Groningen Social Disabilities Schedule: development, relationship with I.C.I.D.H., and psychometric properties. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. 1988;11:213–224
  32. Young RC, Biggs JT, Ziegler VE, Meyer DA. A rating scale for mania: reliability, validity and sensitivity. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1978;133:429–435

PII: S0165-1781(02)00180-4

Psychiatry Research
Volume 112, Issue 2 , Pages 161-182 , 10 October 2002