Psychiatry Research
Volume 120, Issue 3 , Pages 257-264 , 15 October 2003

Influence of mirtazapine on urinary free cortisol excretion in depressed patients

Received 31 March 2003 ,Revised 17 July 2003 ,Accepted 12 August 2003.

References 

  1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1994;
  2. Asnis GM, Halbreich U, Rabinovich H, Ryan ND, Sachar EJ, Nelson B, et al. The cortisol response to desipramine in endogenous depressives and normal controls: preliminary findings. Psychiatry Research. 1985;14:225–233
  3. Asnis GM, Wetzler S, Sanderson WC, Kahn RS, van Praag HM. Functional interrelationship of serotonin and norepinephrine: cortisol response to MCPP and DMI in patients with panic disorder, patients with depression and normal control subjects. Psychiatry Research. 1992;43:65–76
  4. Asnis GM, Sanderson WC, van Praag HM. Cortisol response to intramuscular desipramine in patients with major depression and normal control subjects: a replication study. Psychiatry Research. 1992;44:237–250
  5. Barden N, Reul JM, Holsboer F. Do antidepressants stabilize mood through actions on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical system?. Trends in Neuroscience. 1995;18:6–11
  6. Bech P, Gram LF, Dein E, Jacobsen O, Vitger J, Bolwig TG. Quantitative rating of depressive status. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 1975;51:161–170
  7. Daffner C, Laakmann G, Voderholzer U, Haag C, Baghai T, Kolmsee S, et al. The neuroendocrine effects of venlafaxine in healthy subjects. Human Psychopharmacology. 1996;11:1–9
  8. De Boer TH, Maura G, Raiteri M, de Vos CJ, Wieringa J, Pinder RM. Neurochemical and autonomic pharmacological profiles of the 6-aza-analogue of mianserin, Org 3770 and its enantiomers. Neuropharmacology. 1988;27:399–408
  9. De Boer T. The effects of mirtazapine on central noradrenergic and serotonergic neurotransmission. International Clinical Psychopharmacology. 1995;10(Suppl. 4):19–23
  10. De Boer T, Ruigt GSF, Berendsen HHG. The alpha 2 selective adrenoceptor antagonist Org 3770 (mirtazapine, Remeron) enhances noradrenergic and serotonergic transmission. Human Psychopharmacology. 1995;10(Suppl. 2):107–119
  11. De Boer TH, Nefkens F, Van Helvoirt A, van Delft AM. Differences in modulation of noradrenergic and serotonergic transmission by the alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonists mirtazapine, mianserin and idazoxan. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 1996;277:852–860
  12. Haddjeri N, Blier P, de Montigny C. Effect of the alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist mirtazapine on the 5-hydroxytryptamine system in the rat brain. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 1996;277:861–871
  13. Haddjeri N, Blier P, de Montigny C. Effects of long-term treatment with the alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist mirtazapine on 5-HT neurotransmission. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology. 1997;355:20–29
  14. Hamilton M. A rating scale for depression. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. 1960;23:56–62
  15. Heuser IJ, Schweiger U, Gotthardt U, Schmider J, Lammers CH, Dettling M, et al. Pituitary-adrenal-system regulation and psychopathology during amitriptyline treatment in elderly depressed patients and normal comparison subjects. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1996;153:93–99
  16. Holsboer F. The corticosteroid receptor hypothesis of depression. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2000;23:477–501
  17. Hyttel J. Citalopram—pharmacological profile of a specific serotonin uptake inhibitor with antidepressant activity. Progress in Neuropsychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 1982;6:277–295
  18. Hyttel J. Pharmacological characterization of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). International Clinical Psychopharmacology. 1994;9(Suppl. 1):S19–S26
  19. Kling MA, Geracioti TD, Licinio J, Michelson D, Oldfield EH, Gold PW. Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on the CRH-ACTH-cortisol system in melancholic depression: preliminary findings. Psychopharmacology Bulletin. 1994;30:489–494
  20. Koizumi K, Aono T, Tanazawa O. The acute effects of antidepressants, maprotiline and amoxapine on serum prolactin and gonadotropin levels in normal woman. Asia Oceania Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 1986;12:517–521
  21. Laakmann G. Psychopharmaco-endocrinology and depression research. Monografias Gesamtgeb Psychiatric Psychiatry Series. 1988;46:1–220
  22. Laakmann G, Schule C, Baghai T, Waldvogel E. Effects of mirtazapine on growth hormone, prolactin and cortisol secretion in healthy male subjects. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1999;24:769–784
  23. Murphy BE. Steroids and depression. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 1991;38:537–559
  24. Nutt D, Middleton H, Franklin M. The neuroendocrine effects of oral imipramine. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1987;12:367–375
  25. Pasquali R, Ambrosi B, Armanini D, Cavagnini F, Uberti ED, Del Rio G, et al. Cortisol and ACTH response to oral dexamethasone in obesity and effects of sex, body fat distribution and dexamethasone concentrations: a dose-response study. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2002;87:166–175
  26. Petraglia F, Facchinetti F, Martignoni E, Nappi G, Volpe A, Genazzani AR. Serotonergic agonists increase plasma levels of beta-endorphin and beta-lipotropin in humans. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1984;59:1138–1142
  27. Plotsky PM, Owens MJ, Nemeroff CB. Psychoneuroendocrinology of depression. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 1998;21:293–307
  28. Rubin RT, Rhodes ME, O'Toole S, Czambel RK. Sexual iergism of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal cortical responses to low-dose physostigmine in elderly vs. young women and men. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2002;26:672–681
  29. Sawa Y, Odo S, Nakazawa T. Growth hormone secretion by tricyclic and non-tricyclic antidepressants in healthy volunteers and depressives. Advances in Bioscience. 1982;40:309–315
  30. Schule C, Baghai T, Goy J, Bidlingmaier M, Strasburger C, Laakmann G. The influence of mirtazapine on anterior pituitary hormone secretion in healthy male subjects. Psychopharmacology. 2002;163:95–101
  31. Schule C, Baghai T, Bidlingmaier M, Strasburger C, Laakmann G. Endocrinological effects of mirtazapine in healthy volunteers. Progress in Neuropsychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 2002;26:1253–1261
  32. Seifritz E, Baumann P, Muller MJ, Annen O, Amey M, Hemmeter U, et al. Neuroendocrine effects of a 20-mg citalopram infusion in healthy males. A placebo-controlled evaluation of citalopram as 5-HT function probe. Neuropsychopharmacology. 1996;14:253–363
  33. Skene DJ, Bojkowski CJ, Arendt J. Comparison of the effects of acute fluvoxamine and desipramine administration on melatonin and cortisol production in humans. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 1994;37:181–186
  34. Stokes PE, Stoll PM, Koslow SH, Maas JW, Davis JM, Swann AC, et al. Pretreatment DST and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical function in depressed patients and comparison groups. A multicenter study. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1984;41:257–267
  35. Timmer CJ, Paanakker JE, Vrijmoed-de Vries M. Mirtazapine pharmacokinetics with two dosage regimens and two pharmaceutical formulations. Pharmaceutical Research. 1997;14:98–102
  36. Von Bardeleben U, Steiger A, Gerken A, Holsboer F. Effects of fluoxetine upon pharmacoendocrine and sleep-EEG parameters in normal controls. International Clinical Psychopharmacology. 1989;4(Suppl. 1):1–5
  37. World Medical Association, 2000. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki, ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Ferney-Voltaire’, WMA, 2000. http, //www.wma.net/e/policy/17-c_e.html
  38. Young EA. Sex differences and the HPA axis: implications for psychiatric disease. Journal of Gender Specific Medicine. 1998;1:21–27
  39. Zivkov M, Roes KCB, Pols AG. Efficacy of Org 3770 (mirtazapine) vs amitriptyline in patients with major depressive disorder, a meta-analysis. Human Psychopharmacology. 1995;10(suppl.2):135–145

PII: S0165-1781(03)00204-X

doi: 10.1016/S0165-1781(03)00204-X

Psychiatry Research
Volume 120, Issue 3 , Pages 257-264 , 15 October 2003

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution