Psychiatry Research
Volume 125, Issue 2 , Pages 129-137 , 15 February 2004

Motor overflow in schizophrenia

  • Kate E. Hoy

      Affiliations

    • Experimental Neuropsychology Research Unit, Psychology Department, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +61-0416-021-896; fax: +61-3-9905-3948
  • ,
  • Paul B. Fitzgerald

      Affiliations

    • Alfred Psychiatry Research Center, The Alfred and Monash University Department of Psychological Medicine, Australia
  • ,
  • John L. Bradshaw

      Affiliations

    • Experimental Neuropsychology Research Unit, Psychology Department, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
  • ,
  • Maree Farrow

      Affiliations

    • Experimental Neuropsychology Research Unit, Psychology Department, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
  • ,
  • Timothy L. Brown

      Affiliations

    • Alfred Psychiatry Research Center, The Alfred and Monash University Department of Psychological Medicine, Australia
  • ,
  • Christine A. Armatas

      Affiliations

    • Deakin University, School of Psychology, Geelong, Australia
  • ,
  • Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis

      Affiliations

    • Experimental Neuropsychology Research Unit, Psychology Department, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia

Received 27 January 2003 ,Revised 6 October 2003 ,Accepted 16 December 2003.

References 

  1. American Psychiatric Association, 1994. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. (4th ed.). APA, Washington, DC
  2. Ananth J, Burgoyne KS, Gadasalli R, Aquino S. How do the atypical antipsychotics work?. Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience. 2001;26(5):385–394
  3. Andreasen NC, Carpenter WT. Diagnosis and classification of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 1993;19(2):199–214
  4. Armatas CA, Summers JJ, Bradshaw JL. Mirror movements in normal adult subjects. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 1994;16(3):405–413
  5. Armatas CA, Summers JJ, Bradshaw JL. Strength as a factor influencing mirror movements. Human Movement Science. 1996;492:1–17
  6. Armatas CA, Summers JJ, Bradshaw JL. Handedness and performance variability as factors influencing mirror movements. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 1996;18:823–835
  7. Boroojerdi B, Topper R, Foltys H, Meincke U. Transcallosal inhibition and motor conduction studies in patients with schizophrenia using transcranial magnetic stimulation. British Journal of Psychiatry. 2000;175:375–379
  8. Bradshaw JL. Developmental Disorders of the Frontostriatal System: Neuropsychological, Neuropsychiatric, and Evolutionary Perspectives. East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press Ltd; 2001;
  9. Cernacek J. Contralateral motor irradiation – cerebral dominance. Archives of Neurology. 1961;4:61–68
  10. Collaborative Working Group on Clinical Trial Evaluations, 1998. Assessment of EPS and tardive dyskinesia in clinical trials. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 59, 23–27
  11. Crimlisk HL, Bhatia K, Cope H, David A, Marsden DC, Ron MA. Slater revisited: 6 year follow up study of patients with medically unexplained motor symptoms. British Medical Journal. 1998;316:582–590
  12. Daskalakis ZJ, Christensen BK, Chen R, Fitzgerald PB, Zipursky RB, Kapur S. Evidence for impaired cortical inhibition in schizophrenia using transcallosal magnetic stimulation. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2002;59:347–354
  13. Downing ME, Phillips JG, Bradshaw JL, Vaddadi KS, Pantelis C. Cue dependent right hemineglect in schizophrenia: a kinematic analysis. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. 1998;65:454–459
  14. Fitzgerald PB, Brown TL, Daskalakis ZJ, deCastella A, Kulkarni J. A study of transcallosal inhibition in schizophrenia using transcallosal magnetic stimulation. Schizophrenia Research. 2002;56:199–209
  15. Fitzgerald PB, Brown TL, Daskalakis ZJ, Kulkarni J. A transcranial magnetic stimulation study of inhibitory deficits in the motor cortex of patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging. 2002;114:11–22
  16. Forget R, Boghen D, Attig E, Lamarre Y. Electromyographic studies of congenital mirror movements. Neurology. 1986;36:1316–1322
  17. Freedman R, Alder LE, Myles-Worsley M, Nagamoto HT, Miller C, Kisley M, et al. Inhibitory gating of an evoked response to repeated auditory stimuli in schizophrenic and normal subjects. Human recordings, computer stimulation, and an animal model. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1996;53:1114–1121
  18. Glick ID, Murray SR, Vasudevan P, Marder SR, Hu RJ. Treatment with atypical antipsychotics: new indications and new populations. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 2001;35(3):187–191
  19. Green JB. An electromyographic study of mirror movements. Neurology. 1967;17:91–94
  20. Griffith JM, Adler LE, Freedman R. Fine motor performance in schizophrenia. Neuropsychobiology. 1994;29:179–184
  21. Ismail B, Cantor-Graae E, McNeil TF. Neurological abnormalities in schizophrenic patients and their siblings. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1998;155:84–89
  22. Hertzig ME, Birch HG. Neurological organization in psychiatrically disturbed adolescent girls. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1966;15:590–598
  23. Kanouchi T, Yokota T, Isa F, Ishii K, Senda M. Role of the ipsilateral motor cortex in mirror movements. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. 1997;62:629–632
  24. Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 1987;13:261–276
  25. Konagaya Y, Mano Y, Konagaya M. Magnetic stimulation study in mirror movements. Journal of Neurology. 1990;237:107–109
  26. Manschreck TC, Maher BA, Waller NG, Ames D, Latham CA. Deficient motor synchrony in schizophrenic disorders: clinical correlates. Biological Psychiatry. 1985;20:990–1002
  27. Montgomery SA, Åsberg M. A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1979;134:382–389
  28. Nass R. Mirror movement asymmetries in congenital hemiparesis: the inhibition hypothesis revisited. Neurology. 1985;35:1059–1062
  29. Oldfield RC. The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh Inventory. Neuropsychologia. 1971;9:97–113
  30. Owens DGC, Johnstone EC. The disabilities of chronic schizophrenia: their nature and factors contributing to their development. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1980;136:384–395
  31. Pascual-Leone A, Manoach DS, Birnbaum R, Goff DC. Motor cortical excitability in schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry. 2002;52:24–31
  32. Puri BK, Davey NJ, Ellaway PH, Lewis SW. An investigation of motor function in schizophrenia using transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1996;169:690–695
  33. Raine A, Andrews H, Sheard C, Walder C, Manders D. Interhemispheric transfer in schizophrenics, depressives, and normals with schizoid tendencies. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 1989;98:35–41
  34. Schott GD, Wkye MA. Congenital mirror movements. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. 1981;44:586–599
  35. Simpson GM, Angus JWS. A rating scale for extrapyramidal side effects. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 1970;212:11–19
  36. Shibasaki H, Nagae K. Mirror movement: application of movement-related cortical potentials. Annals of Neurology. 1984;15:299–302
  37. Tigges P, Mergl R, Frodl T, Meisenzahl EM, Gallinat J, Schroter A, et al. Digitized analysis of abnormal hand-motor performance in schizophrenic patients. Schizophrenia Research. 2000;45:133–143
  38. Todor JI, Lazarus JC. Exertion level and the intensity of the associated movements. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. 1986;28:205–212
  39. Vrtunski PB, Simpson M, Meltzer HY. Voluntary movement dysfunction in schizophrenics. Biological Psychiatry. 1989;25:529–539
  40. Wittenberg GF, Bastian AJ, Dromerick AW, Thach WT, Powers WJ. Mirror movements complicate interpretation of cerebral activation changes during recovery from subcortical infarction. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair. 2000;14:213–221
  41. Woodruff PWR, McManus IC, David AS. Meta-analysis of corpus callosum size in schizophrenia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. 1995;58:457–461
  42. Woodruff PWR, Phillips ML, Rushe T, Wright IC, Murray RM, David AS. Corpus callosum size and interhemispheric function in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research. 1997;23:189–196

PII: S0165-1781(03)00302-0

doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2003.12.005

Psychiatry Research
Volume 125, Issue 2 , Pages 129-137 , 15 February 2004