Psychiatry Research
Volume 125, Issue 3 , Pages 269-275 , 15 March 2004

Spatial attention in individuals with pervasive developmental disorders using the gap overlap task

  • Yuki Kawakubo

      Affiliations

    • Doctoral Degree Program of Disability Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel./fax: +81-298-53-6760
    • ,
  • Hisao Maekawa

      Affiliations

    • Institute of Disability Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
    • ,
  • Kenji Itoh

      Affiliations

    • Department of Cognitive and Speech Science, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
    • ,
  • Ohohiko Hashimoto

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
    • ,
  • Akira Iwanami

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

Received 16 September 2002 ,Revised 30 August 2003 ,Accepted 18 December 2003.

References 

  1. Allport DA. Visual attention. In:  Posner MI editors. Foundations of Cognitive Science. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press; 1989;p. 631–682
  2. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. Washington DC: Author; 1994;
  3. Atkinson J, Hood B, Braddick OJ, Wattam-Bell J. Infants’ control of fixation shifts with single and competing targets: mechanisms of shifting attention. Perception. 1988;17:367–387
  4. Burack JA. Selective attention deficits in persons with autism: preliminary evidence of an inefficient attentional lens. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 1994;103(3):535–543
  5. Casey BJ, Gordon CT, Mannheim GB, Rumsey JM. Dysfunctional attention in autistic savants. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 1993;15(6):933–946
  6. Csibra G, Johnson MH, Tucker LA. Attention and oculomotor control: a high-density ERP study of the gap effect. Neuropsychologia. 1997;35(6):855–865
  7. Dias EC, Bruce CJ. Physiological correlate of fixation disengagement in the primate's frontal eye field. Journal of Neurophysiology. 1994;72(5):2532–2537
  8. Dorris MC, Munoz DP. A neural correlate for the gap effect on saccadic reaction times in monkey. Journal of Neurophysiology. 1995;73(6):2558–2562
  9. Everling S, Krappmann P, Spantekow A, Flohr H. Cortical potentials during the gap prior to express saccades and fast regular saccades. Experimental Brain Research. 1996;111:139–143
  10. Fischer B, Ramsperger E. Human express saccades: extremely short reaction times of goal directed eye movements. Experimental Brain Research. 1984;57:191–195
  11. Fischer B, Weber H. Express saccades and visual attention. Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 1993;16:553–610
  12. Gomez C, Atienza M, Gomez GJ, Vazquez M. Response latencies and event-related potentials during the gap paradigm using saccadic responses in human subjects. International Journal of Psychophysiology. 1996;23(1–2):91–99
  13. Hood B, Atkinson J. Disengaging visual attention in the infant and adult. Infant Behavior and Development. 1993;16:405–422
  14. Kemner C, Verbaten MN, Cuperus JM, Camfferman G, Engeland H. Abnormal saccadic eye movements in autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 1998;28:61–67
  15. Lovaas OI, Schreibman L, Koegel RL, Rehm R. Selective responding by autistic children to mutiple sensory input. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 1971;77:211–222
  16. Matsuzawa M, Shimojo S. Infants’ fast saccades in the gap paradigm and development of visual attention. Infant Behavior and Development. 1997;20(4):449–455
  17. Minshew NJ, Luna B, Sweeney JA. Oculomotor evidence for neocortical systems but not cerebellar dysfunction in autism. Neurology. 1999;52:917–922
  18. Munoz DP, Wurtz RH. Role of the rostral superior colliculus in active visual fixation and execution of express saccades. Journal of Neurophysiology. 1992;67:1000–1002
  19. Munoz DP, Wurtz RH. Fixation cells in monkey superior colliculus I. Characteristics of cell discharge. Journal of Neurophysiology. 1993;70:559–575
  20. Munoz DP, Wurtz RH. Fixation cells in monkey superior colliculus. II. Reversible activation and deactivation. Journal of Neurophysiology. 1993;70:576–589
  21. Muri RM, Rivaud S, Gaymard B, Ploner CJ, Vermersch AI, Hess CW, et al. Role of the prefrontal cortex in the control of express saccades. A transcranial magnetic stimulation study. Neuropsychologia. 1999;37(2):199–206
  22. Oldfield RC. The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh Inventory. Neuropsychologia. 1971;9:97–113
  23. Posner MI, Cohen Y. Components of performance. In:  Bouma H,  Bowhuis D editor. Attention and Performance X. New Jersey: Lawerence Erlbaum Associates; 1984;p. 531–556
  24. Posner MI, Rafal RD, Cohen Y. Neural systems control of spatial orienting. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences. 1982;298(1089):187–198
  25. Posner MI, Petersen SE. The attention system of the human brain. Annual Review of Neuroscience. 1990;13:25–42
  26. Saslow MG. Effects of components of displacement step stimuli upon latency for saccadic eye movements. Journal of the Optical Society of America. 1967;57:1024–1029
  27. Spantekow A, Krappmann P, Everling S, Flohr H. Event-related potentials and saccadic reaction times: effects of fixation point offset or change. Experimental Brain Research. 1999;127(3):291–297
  28. Sparks D, Rohrer WH, Zhang Y. The role of the superior colliculus in saccade initiation: a study of express saccades and the gap effect. Vision Research. 2000;40(20):2763–2777
  29. Townsend J, Courchesne E, Covington J, Westerfield M, Harris NS, Lyden P, et al. Spatial attention deficits in patients with acquired or developmental cerebellar abnormality. Journal of Neuroscience. 1999;19(13):5632–5643
  30. Townsend J, Courchesne E, Egaas B. Slowed orienting of covert visual–spatial attention in autism: specific deficits associated with cerebellar and parietal abnormality. Development and Psychopathology. 1996;8:563–584
  31. Townsend J, Westerfield M, Leaver E, Makeig S, Jung T, Pierce K, et al. Event-related brain response abnormalities in autism: evidence for impaired cerebello-frontal spatial attention networks. Cognitive Brain Research. 2001;11:127–145
  32. van der Geest JN, Kemner C, Camfferman G, Verbaten MN, Engeland H. Eye movements, visual attention, and autism: a saccadic reaction time study using the gap and overlap paradigm. Biological Psychiatry. 2001;50:614–619
  33. Wainwright-Sharp JA, Bryson SE. Visual orienting deficits in high-functioning autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 1993;23:1–13
  34. Wainwright JA, Bryson SE. Visual–spatial orienting in autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 1996;26(4):423–438

PII: S0165-1781(03)00319-6

doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2003.12.012

Psychiatry Research
Volume 125, Issue 3 , Pages 269-275 , 15 March 2004

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution