Psychiatry Research
Volume 125, Issue 3 , Pages 225-235 , 15 March 2004

Accelerated age-related decline of visual information processing in first-degree relatives of persons with schizophrenia

  • Jeffrey S. Bedwell

      Affiliations

    • Psychology Department, Clinical Psychology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +1-706-542-1173
    • ,
  • Sharon Esposito

      Affiliations

    • Psychiatry Department, Athens Regional Hospital, Athens, GA, USA
    • ,
  • L. Stephen Miller

      Affiliations

    • Psychology Department, Clinical Psychology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA

Received 25 February 2003 ,Revised 2 October 2003 ,Accepted 22 December 2003.

References 

  1. Asarnow RF, Granholm E, Sherman T. Span of Apprehension in schizophrenia. In:  Steinhauer SR,  Gruzelier JH,  Zubin J editor. Handbook of Schizophrenia: Neuropsychology, Psychophysiology, and Information Processing. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1991;p. 335–370
  2. Asarnow RF, Marder SR, Mintz J, Van Putten T, Zimmerman KE. Differential effect of low and conventional doses of fluphenazine on schizophrenic outpatients with good or poor information-processing abilities. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1988;45:822–826
  3. Asarnow RF, Nuechterlein KH, Marder SR. Span of Apprehension performance, neuropsychological functioning, and indices of psychosis-proneness. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 1983;171:662–669
  4. Asarnow RF, Nuechterlein KH, Subotnik KL, Fogelson DL, Torquato RD, Payne DL, et al. Neurocognitive impairments in non-psychotic parents of children with schizophrenia and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: The University of California, Los Angeles Family Study. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2002;59:1053–1060
  5. Asarnow RF, Steffy RA, MacCrimmon DJ, Cleghorn JM. An attentional assessment of foster children at risk for schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 1977;86:267–275
  6. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994;
  7. Bartfai A, Pedersen NL, Asarnow RF, Schalling D. Genetic factors for the Span of Apprehension test: a study of normal twins. Psychiatry Research. 1991;38:115–124
  8. Bedwell JS, Brown JM, Miller LS. The magnocellular visual system and schizophrenia: what can the color red tell us?. Schizophrenia Research. 2003;63:273–284
  9. Bedwell JS, Keller B, Smith AK, Hamburger S, Kumra S, Rapoport JL. Why does postpsychotic IQ decline in childhood-onset schizophrenia?. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1999;156:1996–1997
  10. Bilder RM, Lipschutz-Broch L, Reiter G, Geisler SH, Mayerhoff DI, Lieberman JA. Intellectual deficits in first-episode schizophrenia: evidence for progressive deterioration. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 1992;18:437–448
  11. Breitmeyer BG, Ganz L. Implications of sustained and transient channels for theories of visual pattern masking, saccadic suppression, and information processing. Psychological Review. 1976;83(1):1–36
  12. Bowen L, Wallace CJ, Glynn SM, Nuechterlein KH, Lutzker JR, Kuehnel TG. Schizophrenic individuals’ cognitive functioning and performance in interpersonal interactions and skills training procedures. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 1994;28:289–301
  13. Butler PD, DeSanti LA, Maddox J, Harkavy-Friedman JM, Amador XF, Goetz RR, et al. Visual backward-masking deficits in schizophrenia: relationship to visual pathway function and symptomatology. Schizophrenia Research. 2003;59:199–209
  14. Chaikelson JS, Schwartzman AE. Cognitive changes with aging in schizophrenia. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 1983;39:25–30
  15. Davidson M, Harvey PD, Powchik P, Parrella M, White L, Knobler HY, et al. Severity of symptoms in chronically institutionalized geriatric schizophrenic patients. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1995;152:197–207
  16. Eyler Zorrilla LT, Heaton RK, McAdams LA, Zisook S, Harris MJ, Jeste DV. Cross-sectional study of older outpatients with schizophrenia and healthy comparison subjects: no differences in age-related cognitive decline. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2000;157:1324–1326
  17. First MB, Gibbon M, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW, Benjamin LS. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1997;
  18. First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JBW. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders—Non-patient Edition (SCID-I/NP Version 2.0). New York: Biometrics Research Department; 1998;
  19. Friedman JI, Harvey PD, Coleman T, Moriarty PJ, Bowie C, Parrella M, et al. Six-year follow-up study of cognitive and functional status across the lifespan in schizophrenia: a comparison with Alzheimer's disease and normal aging. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2001;158:1441–1448
  20. Gold S, Arndt S, Nopoulos P, O'Leary DS, Andreasen NC. Longitudinal study of cognitive function in first-episode and recent-onset schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1999;156:1342–1348
  21. Granholm E, Asarnow RF, Verney SP, Nelson P, Jeste DV. Span of Apprehension deficits in older outpatients with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research. 1996;20:51–56
  22. Granholm E, Morris S, Asarnow RF, Chock D, Jeste DV. Accelerated age-related decline in processing resources in schizophrenia: evidence from pupillary responses recorded during the Span of Apprehension task. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. 2000;6:30–43
  23. Green MF, Nuechterlein KH, Breitmeyer B, Tsuang J, Mintz J. Forward and backward visual masking in schizophrenia: influence of age. Psychological Medicine. 2003;33(5):887–895
  24. Harvey PD, Silverman JM, Mohs RC, Parrella M, White L, Powchik P, et al. Cognitive decline in late-life schizophrenia: a longitudinal study of geriatric chronically hospitalized patients. Biological Psychiatry. 1999;45:32–40
  25. Heaton RK, Gladsjo JA, Palmer BW, Kuck J, Marcotte TD, Jeste DV. Stability and course of neuropsychological deficits in schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2001;58:24–32
  26. Hoff AL, Riordan H, O'Donnell DW, Morris L, DeLisi LE. Neuropsychological functioning of first-episode schizophreniform patients. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1992;149:898–903
  27. Hoff AL, Sakuma M, Wieneke M, Horon R, Kushner M, DeLisi LE. Longitudinal neuropsychological follow-up study of patients with first-episode schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1999;156:1336–1341
  28. Hollingshead AB. Two Factor Index of Social Position. New Haven: Yale Station; 1965;
  29. Ito M, Kanno M, Mori Y, Niwa S. Attention deficits assessed by Continuous Performance Test and Span of Apprehension Test in Japanese schizophrenic patients. Schizophrenia Research. 1997;23:205–211
  30. Johnson PO, Neyman J. Tests of certain linear hypotheses and their applications to some educational problems. Statistical Research Memoirs. 1936;1:57–93
  31. Livingstone MS, Hubel DH. Psychophysical evidence for separate channels for the perception of form, color, movement, and depth. Journal of Neuroscience. 1987;7(11):3416–3468
  32. Maier W, Franke P, Hain C, Kopp B, Rist F. Neuropsychological indicators of the vulnerability to schizophrenia. Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 1992;16:703–715
  33. Mass R, Schoemig T, Novikov J, Wagner M. Effects of cerebral hemispheric laterality on the Span of Apprehension of schizophrenic and healthy subjects. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. 2001;251:18–23
  34. Miller MB, Chapman LJ, Chapman JP, Barnett EM. Schizophrenic deficit in Span of Apprehension. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 1990;99:313–316
  35. Mockler D, Riordan J, Sharma T. Memory and intellectual deficits do not decline with age in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research. 1997;26:1–7
  36. O'Donnell BF, Faux SF, McCarley RW, Kimble MO, Salisbury DF, Nestor PG, et al. Increased rate of P300 latency prolongation with age in schizophrenia. Electrophysiological evidence for a neurodegenerative disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1995;52(7):544–549
  37. Palmer BW, Heaton RK, Paulsen JS, Kuck J, Braff D, Harris MJ, et al. Is it possible to be schizophrenic yet neuropsychologically normal?. Neuropsychology. 1997;11:437–446
  38. Penn DL, Mueser KT, Spaulding W, Hope DA, Reed D. Information processing and social competence in chronic schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 1995;21:269–281
  39. Plude DJ, Hoyer WJ. Age and the selectivity of visual information processing. Psychology and Aging. 1986;1:4–10
  40. Potthoff RF. On the Johnson–Neyman technique and some extensions thereof. Psychometrika. 1964;29:241–256
  41. Rabbit P. Does it all go together when it goes? The Nineteenth Bartlett Memorial Lecture. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. 1993;46:385–434
  42. Saoud M, d'Amato T, Gutknecht C, Triboulet P, Bertaud JP, Marie-Cardine M, et al. Neuropsychological deficit in siblings discordant for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 2000;26:893–902
  43. Saykin AJ, Shtasel DL, Gur RE, Kester DB, Mozley LH, Stafiniak P, et al. Neuropsychological deficits in neuroleptic naive patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1994;51:124–131
  44. Sergi MJ, Green MF. Social perception and early visual processing in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research. 2003;59:233–241
  45. Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene R, Vagg PR, Jacobs GA. Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologist Press; 1983;
  46. Waddington JL, Youssef HA. Cognitive dysfunction in chronic schizophrenia followed prospectively over 10 years and its longitudinal relationship to the emergence of tardive dyskinesia. Psychological Medicine. 1996;26:681–688
  47. Wechsler D. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. 3rd ed. San Antonio: The Psychological Corporation; 1997;
  48. Wechsler D. Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence. San Antonio: The Psychological Corporation; 1999;

PII: S0165-1781(04)00002-2

doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2003.12.015

Psychiatry Research
Volume 125, Issue 3 , Pages 225-235 , 15 March 2004

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution