Psychiatry Research
Volume 136, Issue 1 , Pages 43-50 , 15 July 2005

Assessing cognitive deficits in bipolar disorder: Are self-reports valid?

  • Katherine E. Burdick

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore Long Island Jewish Health System, 75–59 263rd Street, Glen Oaks, NY 11004, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +1 718 470 8167; fax: +1 718 343 1659.
    • At the time of writing, affiliation was Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
  • ,
  • Carrie J. Endick

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
    • At the time of writing, affiliation was Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Bipolar Disorders Research Clinic, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
  • ,
  • Joseph F. Goldberg

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore Long Island Jewish Health System, 75–59 263rd Street, Glen Oaks, NY 11004, USA
    • At the time of writing, affiliation was Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Bipolar Disorders Research Clinic, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.

Received 27 April 2004 ,Revised 11 November 2004 ,Accepted 3 December 2004.

References 

  1. Bearden CE, Hoffman KM, Cannon TD. The neuropsychology and neuroanatomy of bipolar affective disorder: a critical review. Bipolar Disorders. 2001;3:106–150
  2. Branca B, Giordani B, Lutz T, Saper JR. Self report of cognition and objective test performance in postraumatic headache. Headache. 1996;36:300–306
  3. Broadbent DE, Cooper PF, Fitzgerald P, Parkes KR. The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) and its correlates. British Journal of Clinical Psychology. 1982;21:1–16
  4. Burdick, K.E., Goldberg, J.F., Harrow, M., Faull, R.N., Malhotra, A.K., in press. Neurocognition as a stable endophenotype in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease.
  5. Chelune , Heaton , Lehman . Neuropsychological and personality correlates of patients' complaints of disability. In:  Goldstein G,  Tarter RE editor. Advances in Clinical Neuropsychology. vol. 3:1986;p. 95–126
  6. Delis DC, Kramer JH, Kaplan E, Ober BA. The California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), Research edition, Adult version. The Psychological Corporation. San Antonio, TX: Harcourt Brace & Company; 1987;
  7. Donaldson S, Goldstein LH, Landau S, Raymont V, Frangou S. The Maudsley Bipolar Disorder Project: the effect of medication, family history, and duration of illness on IQ and memory in bipolar I disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2003;64:86–93
  8. First MB, Spitzer R, Williams JBW, Gibbon M. Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I DSMIV Disorders — Patient Edition (SCIDI/P, Version 2.0). New York: Biometric Research Department, New York State Psychiatric Institute; 1995;
  9. Ferrier IN, Chowdhury R, Thompson JM, Watson S, Young AH. Neurocognitive function in unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with bipolar disorder: a preliminary report. Bipolar Disorders. 2004;6:319–322
  10. Freeman MP, Stoll AL. Mood stabilizer combinations: a review of safety and efficacy. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1998;155:12–21
  11. Gfeller JD, Chibnall JT, Duckro PN. Postconcussion symptoms and cognitive functioning in postraumatic headache patients. Headache. 1994;34:503–507
  12. Goldberg JF, Burdick KE. Cognitive side effects of anticonvulsants. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2001;62(Suppl. 14):27–33
  13. Golden JC. Stroop Color and Word Test. Chicago, IL: Stoelting Company; 1978;
  14. Goodwin FK, Jamison KR. Manic-Depressive Illness. New York: Oxford University Press; 1990;
  15. Gourovitch ML, Torrey EF, Gold JM, Randolph C, Weinberger DR, Goldberg TE. Neuropsychological performance of monozygotic twins discordant for bipolar disorder. Biological Psychiatry. 1999;45:639–646
  16. Hamilton M. Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology. 1967;6(4):278–296
  17. Hermann D. Know thy memory: the use of questionnaires to assess and study memory. Psychological Bulletin. 1981;92:434–452
  18. Kahn RL, Zarit SH, Hilbert NM, Niederehe G. Memory complaint and impairment in the aged. The effects of depression and brain function. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1975;32:1569–1573
  19. Larabee GJ, Levin HS. Memory self ratings and objective performance in a normal elderly sample. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychiatry. 1986;8:275–284
  20. Martinez-Aran A, Vieta E, Colom F, Reinares M, Benabarre A, Gasto C, et al. Cognitive dysfunctions in bipolar disorder: evidence of neuropsychological disturbances. Psychotherapeutics and Psychosomatics. 2000;69:2–18
  21. Martinez-Aran A, Vieta E, Reinares M, Colom F, Torrent C, Sanchez-Moreno J, et al. Cognitive function across manic or hypomanic, depressed, and euthymic states in bipolar disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2004;161:262–270
  22. McNair D, Kahn R. The Cognitive Difficulties Scale. In:  Crook T,  Ferris S,  Bartus R editor. Assessment in Geriatric Psychopharmacology. New Canaan, CT: Mark Powley and Associates; 1983;p. 137–143
  23. Reason JT. Lapses of attention. In:  Parasuraman R,  Davies R,  Beatty J editor. Varieties of Attention. New York: Academic Press; 1981;
  24. Reitan RM. Trail Making Test Manual for Administration and Scoring. South Tucson, AZ: Reitan Neuropsychology Laboratory; 1979;
  25. Schacter DL, Crovitz HF. Memory function after closed head injury: a review of the quantitative research. Cortex. 1977;13:150–176
  26. Scott J, Pope M. Nonadherence with mood stabilizers: prevalence and predictors. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2002;63:384–390
  27. Spreen O, Strausse EA. Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests: Administration, Norms, and Commentary. 2nd edition. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1998;
  28. Stoll AL, Renshaw PF, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Cohen BM. Neuroimaging in bipolar disorder: what have we learned?. Biological Psychiatry. 2000;48(6):505–517(Sep. 15)
  29. Sunderland A, Watts K, Baddeley AD, Harris JE. Subjective memory assessment and test performance in elderly adults. Journal of Gerontology. 1979;41:376–384
  30. Wechsler D. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale — Third Edition (WAIS-III). The Psychological Corporation. San Antonio, TX: Harcourt Brace and Company; 1997;
  31. Weiss EM, Bilder RM, Fleischhacker WW. The effects of second-generation antipsychotics on cognitive functioning and psychosocial outcome in schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology. 2002;162(1):11–17
  32. Young R, Biggs J, Meyer D. A rating scale for mania: reliability, validity, and sensitivity. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1978;133:429–435

 Presented, in part, at the 154th Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association, New Orleans, LA, USA, May 10–14, 2001.

PII: S0165-1781(05)00153-8

doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2004.12.009

Psychiatry Research
Volume 136, Issue 1 , Pages 43-50 , 15 July 2005