Psychiatry Research
Volume 151, Issue 1 , Pages 151-154 , 30 May 2007

Cannabis abuse and risk for psychosis in a prodromal sample

Received 1 July 2005 ,Revised 13 September 2006 ,Accepted 2 October 2006.

References 

  1. Andreasen NC, Endicott J, Spitzer RL, Winokur G. The family history method using diagnostic criteria: reliability and validity. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1977;34:1229–1235
  2. Andreasson S, Allebeck P, Engstrom A, Rydberg U. Cannabis and schizophrenia. A longitudinal study of Swedish conscripts. Lancet. 1987;2:1483–1486
  3. Arseneault L, Cannon M, Poulton R, Murray R, Caspi A, Moffitt TE. Cannabis use in adolescence and risk for adult psychosis: longitudinal prospective study. British Medical Journal. 2002;325:1212–1213
  4. Arseneault L, Cannon M, Witton J, Murray RM. Causal association between cannabis and psychosis: examination of the evidence. British Journal of Psychiatry. 2004;184:110–117
  5. Cantwell R, Brewin J, Glazebrook C, Dalkin T, Fox R, Medley I, et al. Prevalence of substance misuse in first-episode psychosis. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1999;174:150–153
  6. First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JB. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders— Patient Edition (SCID-I/P, Version 2.0). New York: Biometrics Research Department, New York State Psychiatric Institute; 1995;
  7. Hambrecht M, Hafner H. Substance abuse and the onset of schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry. 1996;40:1155–1163
  8. Haroun N, Dunn L, Haroun A, Cadenhead KS. Risk and protection in prodromal schizophrenia: ethical implications for clinical practice and future research. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 2006;32:166–178
  9. Kaufman J, Birmaher B, Brent D, Rao U, Ryan N. Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL, Version 1.0). Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine; 1996;
  10. Lewinsohn PM, Rohde P, Brown RA. Level of current and past adolescent cigarette smoking as predictors of future substance use disorders in young adulthood. Addiction. 1999;94:913–921
  11. Miller TJ, McGlashan TH, Rosen JL, Cadenhead K, Cannon T, Ventura J, et al. Prodromal assessment with the structured interview for prodromal syndromes and the scale of prodromal symptoms: predictive validity, interrater reliability, and training to reliability. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 2003;29:703–715
  12. Regier DA, Farmer ME, Rae DS, Locke BZ, Keith SJ, Judd LL, et al. Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse. Results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study. Journal of the American Medical Association. 1990;264:2511–2518
  13. Seeber K, Cadenhead KS. How does studying schizotypal personality disorder inform us about the prodrome of schizophrenia?. Current Psychiatry Reports. 2005;7:41–50
  14. Semple DM, McIntosh AM, Lawrie SM. Cannabis as a risk factor for psychosis: systematic review. Journal of Psychopharmacology. 2005;19:187–194
  15. Smit F, Bolier L, Cuijpers P. Cannabis use and the risk of later schizophrenia: a review. Addiction. 2004;99:425–430
  16. Weiser M, Reichenberg A, Grotto I, Yasvitzky R, Rabinowitz J, Lubin G, et al. Higher rates of cigarette smoking in male adolescents before the onset of schizophrenia: a historical-prospective cohort study. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2004;161:1219–1223
  17. Weiser M, Davidson M, Noy S. Comments on risk for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research. 2005;79:15–21
  18. Yung AR, Phillips LJ, Yuen HP, McGorry PD. Risk factors for psychosis in an ultra high-risk group: psychopathology and clinical features. Schizophrenia Research. 2004;67:131–142
  19. Zammit S, Allebeck P, Andreasson S, Lundberg I, Lewis G. Self reported cannabis use as a risk factor for schizophrenia in Swedish conscripts of 1969: historical cohort study. British Medical Journal. 2002;325:1199
  20. Zammit S, Allebeck P, Dalman C, Lundberg I, Hemmingsson T, Lewis G. Investigating the association between cigarette smoking and schizophrenia in a cohort study. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2003;160:2216–2221

PII: S0165-1781(06)00315-5

doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2006.10.001

Psychiatry Research
Volume 151, Issue 1 , Pages 151-154 , 30 May 2007